Your Complete Guide to an Electrical Engineering Degree: Pathways and Potentials

What can you expect from an electrical engineering degree? With its rigorous coursework, potential specializations, and robust career prospects, this degree stands as a cornerstone for aspiring technology innovators and problem-solvers. This guide will take you through accredited programs, dive into the essential subjects, and explore potential career pathways, providing a comprehensive understanding of both the challenges and promises of pursuing a degree in electrical engineering.

Key Takeaways

• Electrical engineering degrees pave the way for various specializations, such as power systems and robotics, with an emphasis on practical laboratory work and the importance of program accreditation.
• A bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering provides a strong foundation and diverse skillset, while a master’s degree allows for specialization in emerging fields and can result in higher salaries and advanced roles.
• Financial considerations for electrical engineering degrees include tuition, scholarships, and financial aid options, with various resources available to support both domestic and international students.

Understanding Electrical Engineering Degrees

The field of electrical engineering is broad and multifaceted, bridging the gap between scientific theory and practical application. It’s the force behind the design and optimization of electrical and electronic systems that power our daily lives. From the humble light bulb to the complex circuitry of a supercomputer, electrical engineering is at the heart of it all.

And it all begins with an accredited engineering degree that equips you with the necessary skills to solve the engineering problems of tomorrow.

Electrical vs. Electronics Engineering

Although often used interchangeably, electrical and electronics engineering are distinct disciplines within the broader field of engineering. Electrical engineering is primarily concerned with the large-scale production and distribution of electrical power, as well as the design and development of electrical equipment. Electrical engineers work on high-power systems, focusing on the transmission and distribution of power.

On the other hand, electronics engineering, a sub-discipline of electrical engineering, zeros in on the design and optimization of electronic devices. Electronics engineers focus on dealing with low-power systems, creating and fine-tuning the electronic components within devices such as computers and smartphones.

Importance of Accreditation

Opting for an accredited electrical engineering program is of paramount importance. Accreditation by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET signifies that the program meets high educational standards and equips students with the skills necessary to enter the engineering field. ABET accredited programs satisfy stringent criteria including curriculum, faculty qualifications, and continuous improvement, ensuring that graduates are adequately prepared for professional practice and licensure as an electrical engineer.

Pursuing a Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering

Embarking on a career as an electrical engineer starts with acquiring a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering. This foundational program sets students off on an exploratory journey, covering a wide spectrum of electronic and electrical engineering principles before delving into specialized areas such as:

• Power systems
• Control systems
• Electronics
• Telecommunications
• Renewable energy
• Robotics

With an average loan debt of around $22,989, this degree is an investment in your future, opening the door to a world of possibilities.

Research Electrical Engineering Degrees by State

Core Subjects and Coursework

Undertaking a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering involves:

• Practical application of theoretical knowledge to address real-world engineering challenges
• Essential principles of engineering and electricity, including analog and digital circuit design, signal processing, and computer programming
• Specialized courses in advanced math, electromagnetic fields, microprocessors, and energy systems

This curriculum provides a strong foundation and prepares students for a career in electrical engineering.

The skills developed during this program are varied and practical, including essential engineering skills. They range from:

• designing electric power systems and electronics
• developing signal processing algorithms and semiconductor devices
• designing and testing circuit building blocks
• honing computer programming and computer-aided design (CAD) skills

Practical applications taught within these programs involve designing and testing circuit building blocks, as well as honing computer programming and computer-aided design (CAD) skills.

Practical Experience and Laboratory Work

Electrical engineering is not merely grounded in electrical circuit theory; it flourishes through practical implementation. This is why laboratory work is a vital component of the electrical engineering curriculum. Alongside lectures and tutorials, hands-on sessions in the lab prepare students for the practical challenges they will face in the industry.

Students learn to conduct appropriate experimentation, analyze and interpret data, and draw conclusions by integrating theoretical knowledge with practical skills. Internships and cooperative engineering programs further provide invaluable industry experience, making graduates more marketable in the job market.

Specializations and Concentrations in Electrical Engineering

Echoing the proverb that ‘variety is the spice of life’, the realm of electrical engineering is brimming with diverse possibilities. It offers a cornucopia of specializations, each with its unique flavor and appeal. These specializations include:

• Control Systems
• Communication and Signal Processing Systems
• Power Systems
• Computer Engineering
• Electrophysics
• Electromagnetics
• Microelectronics

Each of these fields offers a unique view of the vast landscape of electrical engineering, providing the opportunity to delve deeper into one’s areas of interest.

Power Generation and Renewable Energy

Given the current concerns about global warming, the demand for efficient power generation and renewable energy sources has escalated like never before. Electrical engineers specializing in electric power and energy systems are at the forefront of this revolution. They work on:

• the generation of electric power
• the transmission of electric power
• the utilization of electric power
• both conventional and alternative energy systems

The power generation and distribution specialization focuses on:

• Developing energy-efficient technologies for improving the operation of the electric grid and integrating vehicles
• Key areas of focus include renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power
• Electrical engineers in this field typically find career opportunities in electric utilities or as consultants, working on projects that integrate renewable energy solutions.

Communications and Computer Systems

Visualize a world devoid of the internet, mobile phones or digital television. Challenging to conceive, isn’t it? Thanks to electrical engineers specializing in Communications and Computer Systems, we don’t have to. This specialization focuses on the design and analysis of systems that transmit information securely and efficiently. Some of the topics covered include:

• Communication theory
• Modulation schemes
• Systems design in noisy environments
• Network architecture

Career opportunities in the field of Computer Systems are diverse and varied. Some potential career paths include:

• Digital and satellite broadcasting
• Fiber-optic communications
• Wireless networks
• Software development
• Computer hardware design
• Artificial intelligence
• Computer architecture
• Security and cryptography
• Network communications

The possibilities are endless in this field, offering a wide range of opportunities for electrical engineers.

Robotics and Control Systems

Robots have now transcended the boundaries of science fiction. In fact, they’re becoming an integral part of our daily lives. From manufacturing to healthcare, robots are hard at work, and it’s the electrical engineers specializing in Robotics and Control Systems who make this possible.

This specialization focuses on:

• the design, control, and operation of robots and autonomous systems
• providing students with a solid foundation in dynamic systems modeling
• feedback control systems
• embedded systems design
• implementing real-time operating systems for controlling robots

Control Systems engineers boast a versatile skill set spanning electrical, mechanical, and electronics systems, as well as computer software systems. This is vital for organizing and managing components in production processes, utilizing the engineering design process to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

Robotics, on the other hand, focuses on the design, control, construction, and operation of robots across diverse environments. This specialization sees a growing application of robotics in various sectors, including:

• Manufacturing
• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Healthcare

This is paving the way for a future where humans and robots work side by side.

Career Prospects for Electrical Engineering Graduates

An electrical engineering degree paves the way for a plethora of opportunities. With strong career prospects characterized by below-average unemployment rates, high earnings, and continued job growth, electrical engineering graduates are well-equipped to leave their mark on the world.

From the design of systems for buildings, computers, and telecommunications to alternative energy, biomedical technology, and personal technology, the possibilities are endless.

Electrical Engineer

Within the expansive domain of electrical engineering, the position of an electrical engineer is prominent. Electrical engineers:

• Take theoretical designs and apply practical solutions to turn them into tangible systems
• Excel in communication, articulating complex ideas clearly
• Possess teamwork and project management capabilities
• Adhere strictly to an ethical code of conduct in their professional activities.

Experienced electrical engineers often:

• oversee the manufacturing, installation, and testing processes that electrical engineers design to ensure all electrical components and systems meet the required specifications and codes
• address customer complaints, diagnose problems, and propose effective solutions
• primarily work in an office-based setting, but may need to visit various sites to oversee or troubleshoot issues

With diverse career paths available, including roles in power engineering, control systems, and consulting firms, the opportunities are as vast as the field itself.

Other Engineering Careers

The skills and knowledge that electrical engineering graduates possess are not confined to one field. They can explore career opportunities in diverse fields such as:

• Aerospace engineering
• Telecommunications
• The electronics sector
• The automotive industry
• IT

Their technical background also allows them to transition into non-engineering roles like:

• acoustic consultant
• broadcast engineer
• design engineer
• technical sales engineer

These roles make use of their skills in research, development, and evaluation of electronic devices.

Non-Engineering Careers

The versatility of an electrical engineering degree extends beyond engineering. With their problem-solving abilities and practical knowledge, electrical engineers are sought after in various sectors, including:

• Finance
• Management
• IT consulting
• Clinical technology
• Land-based engineering
• Project management
• Management consulting

Their skills are valuable in a range of sectors beyond engineering, leading to opportunities in IT, sales, marketing, and business administration.

Master’s Degree and Continuing Education

The academic quest extends beyond a Bachelor of Science degree. Pursuing a master’s degree in electrical engineering can help individuals specialize in emerging fields like wireless technology, internet of things, and energy-saving technologies.

With an average loan debt of around $30,434, a master’s degree is an investment in your future, opening the door to advanced roles and higher salaries.

Master’s Degree Programs

Master’s degree programs in electrical engineering offer a chance to delve deeper into specific areas such as:

• Bioengineering
• Circuits
• Photonics
• Communications and networking
• Computer engineering
• Power generation
• Power systems
• Renewable and sustainable energy sources

These programs offer advanced knowledge beyond the bachelor’s level and mastery in a specific area of professional electrical engineering practice.

Online master’s degree programs offer flexibility for working professionals to balance their studies with employment. Comprehensive career services support is often provided to help students navigate their career paths. With the right guidance and support, a master’s degree can open doors to new opportunities and propel your career to new heights.

Professional Licensure and Certifications

Obtaining professional licensure and certification can bolster career opportunities for electrical engineers. The Professional Engineer (PE) license is recognized as the highest standard of competence for electrical engineers. To be eligible for a PE license, electrical engineers must first obtain a master’s degree, followed by gaining several years of professional experience.

Certifications such as the Certified Energy Manager and Systems Engineering Professional can further credentials, opening up new avenues for career advancement.

Financial Considerations: Tuition, Fees, and Scholarships

Undertaking an electrical engineering degree constitutes a substantial investment. It’s essential to consider the financial implications, including tuition, fees, and the availability of scholarships and financial aid.

With careful planning and the right resources, the financial aspect of earning an electrical engineering degree can be well-managed.

Tuition and Fees

The average tuition cost for undergraduate electrical engineering programs in the USA is $10,876 for state residents and $32,033 for out-of-state students. For graduate programs, the average tuition cost is $12,605 for in-state students and $28,170 for out-of-state students. Vocational programs in electrical and electronics engineering have an average tuition cost of $21,680.

Bear in mind that these figures represent average costs, and actual tuition may deviate depending on the institution and its location.

Scholarships and Financial Aid

There are numerous scholarships and financial aid options available to help students afford their electrical engineering education. Some examples include:

• The IEEE Charles LeGeyt Fortescue Scholarship, which provides $24,000 to graduate students
• The Lockheed Martin STEM Scholarship Program, which offers $40,000 for undergraduate or graduate studies
• The SMART Scholarship-for-Service Program, which offers a full tuition scholarship and guaranteed employment post-graduation for STEM students
• The Tau Beta Pi/SAE Engineering Scholarship, which grants $1,500 for those with excellent academic performance.

Students who have completed significant work in their field can seek the following scholarships:

• Davidson Fellows Scholarship: awards up to $50,000
• Society of Women Engineers (SWE): provides financial aid for female students in engineering programs
• Hispanic Scholarship Fund (HSF) Scholarship: awards up to $5,000 for students of Hispanic heritage studying electrical engineering
• SAE/Ford Partnership for Advanced Studies Scholarship: for automotive engineering interests
• Richard T. Gates Engineering and Technology Endowed Challenge Scholarship: caters to students in various circumstances.

International Students and Electrical Engineering Degrees

International students aspiring to earn a degree in electrical engineering must fulfill certain admission prerequisites. However, universities provide support services and resources to ease this process and help students settle into their new environment.

Admission Requirements

International students typically need to:

• Demonstrate English language proficiency through tests like TOEFL or IELTS to be admitted to electrical engineering degree programs in the United States
• Provide letters of recommendation and a statement of purpose as part of their application
• Have their transcripts evaluated by an accredited NACES member credential evaluation service

In addition to these, GRE scores may be required for admission into graduate electrical engineering programs, with minimum scores often set for the Quantitative, Verbal, and Analytical Writing sections. Evaluation may also be based on:

• undergraduate GPA, with a common minimum requirement being a GPA of at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
• participation in undergraduate research
• post-undergraduate professional experience
• publications in peer-reviewed journals
• presentations at technical conferences

These factors may strengthen an international student’s application.

Depending on the satisfaction of admission criteria, international students may be admitted into different levels of admission standing, such as Full, Provisional, or Special Standing.

Support Services and Resources

International students are not solitary in their academic pursuit. They can benefit from the following services offered by universities:

• Dedicated International Student Offices that offer counseling, visa assistance, and orientation services
• Tutoring services and writing centers to help them academically succeed in their electrical engineering studies
• Enrollment coaches who guide them through alternative admission pathways such as Earned Admission

These services are designed to support international students throughout their academic journey.

Intensive English as a Second Language (ESL) courses are often available for international students who need to improve their English language skills. Upon acceptance to an electrical engineering program, international students need to apply for an F-1 visa and submit required documentation to the United States Embassy or Consulate. Although international electrical engineering students are generally not eligible for U.S. government-funded financial aid, they may be eligible for scholarships, teaching assistantships (TA), or research assistantships (RA) offered by individual institutions or departments.

Universities often assist with finding suitable accommodations, offering options like graduate dormitories and off-campus housing.

Summary

From the basic light bulb to the complex circuitry of a supercomputer, from the power grid that lights up our cities to the renewable energy sources that promise a sustainable future, electrical engineering is the force that powers our world. Whether you’re considering a bachelor’s degree, a master’s, or even a PhD, the journey to becoming an electrical engineer is as electrifying as the field itself. With myriad specializations and countless career opportunities, there’s a place for everyone in the electrifying world of electrical engineering.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best degree for electrical engineering?

The best degree for electrical engineering is a Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering, as it generally leads to a job as an engineer. Consider pursuing this degree for a successful career in the field.

Is electrical engineering 2 years?

No, an electrical engineering degree typically takes around four years of full-time schooling to complete, leading to a bachelor of science (BS) degree.

Is electrical engineering a hard degree?

Yes, electrical engineering is generally considered a challenging degree due to the complexity of the subject matter and the time required for mastering foundational knowledge.

What is the difference between electrical engineering and electronics engineering?

The main difference between electrical engineering and electronics engineering is that electrical engineering deals with the production and distribution of electrical power, while electronics engineering focuses on designing and optimizing electronic devices. Electrical engineering is more oriented towards power systems, while electronics engineering is focused on electronic devices.

What are the career prospects for electrical engineering graduates?

Electrical engineering graduates have strong career prospects with below-average unemployment rates, high earnings, and continued job growth. They can work in diverse fields such as building systems design, computer design, telecommunications, alternative energy, biomedical technology, and personal technology.